2.1 Sensors for monitoring NOx gas
Nitrogen oxides are one of the atmospheric pollutants and also the main pollutants that cause photochemical reactions. During the combustion of fossil fuels such as ores, NO 2 and NO will inevitably be produced, and these gases will cause serious pollution to the atmospheric environment. The working principle of the sensor for monitoring NO 2 is that nitrogen oxides react on the oxygen electrode. It is worth noting that Nitrobacter is transformed from nitrate, which can effectively increase the respiratory function of Nitrobacter, and reduce the oxygen concentration during the oxygen electrode reaction to compete for NO2. Because Nitrobacter is mainly formed through the conversion of nitrate, its selectivity and anti-interference are relatively good, and at the same time through the linear relationship between the oxygen consumption of Nitrobacter and the peroxygen electrode, the accuracy of the concentration of nitrite is calculated.
2.2 Sensors for monitoring SO2
Sulfur dioxide in nature will increase the possibility of acid rain and acid fog to a certain extent, and will also cause serious pollution to the atmospheric environment. To reasonably monitor sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere, relevant researchers placed liver microsomes containing a certain amount of sulfite oxidase components in cellulose acetate membranes to form subcellular lipid substances, which were combined with oxygen electrodes to form Ampere-type biosensor, and can comprehensively analyze the process of sulfur dioxide forming acid rain and acid mist. In the process of oxidizing sulfite, subcellular lipid substances will also consume a certain amount of oxygen, so that the oxygen concentration around the oxygen electrode will decrease, and at the same time, a current effect will be generated, and finally the concentration value of sulfite will be displayed.
2.3 Sensors for monitoring methane
Methane is a clean fuel, but when its concentration in the atmosphere reaches 5% to 14%, it is prone to explosion. Relevant studies have found that oxidizing bacteria that obtain methane from natural substances use methane as their only source of respiration while consuming oxygen. With the help of this reaction, methane-oxidizing bacteria are placed in a cellulose acetate membrane, and methane is monitored in real time through sensors. When the methane is transported to the bacteria pool, the bacteria will absorb the methane, and the process will consume oxygen, which will cause a decrease in the oxygen concentration inside the sensor, further reducing the current, and finally obtaining an effective methane concentration value.
2.4 Sensors for monitoring CO2
The increase in carbon dioxide content will lead to the occurrence of the greenhouse effect in the atmospheric environment to a certain extent. There is interference from various volatile acids and ions for conventional sensors. Relevant researchers use the carbon dioxide sensor of autotrophic microorganisms and oxygen electrodes, which has a linear relationship when the carbon dioxide concentration is 3% to 12%, has good sensitivity, and can perform automatic and continuous real-time monitoring. Chinese researchers have invented a fiber optic chemical sensor that monitors carbon dioxide with the help of an indicator. The sensor has the advantages of low energy consumption and small size, and is suitable for long-term automatic monitoring on site.
2.5 Sensors for monitoring other gases
Formaldehyde is a toxic substance that poses an important hazard to human health, and it is long-term, hidden and latent. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of foreign research, Chinese researchers have carried out related research on formaldehyde sensors. It mainly focuses on the discussion of the relevant characteristics of formaldehyde photochemical, electrochemical, metal oxide, surface acoustic wave and other sensors. For example, immobilize luminescent bacteria in polyvinyl alcohol gel and combine them with signal converters, which can convert light signals into electrical signals, and then receive them through remote sensors to monitor the toxicity and concentration of the substances to be tested. In addition, some researchers use Escherichia as a substrate, immobilize it with agar, and combine it with a sensor to form a biosensor. With the help of continuous monitoring of the atmospheric environment, real-time monitoring of changes in the concentration of toluene, benzene and other toxic substances is performed in the atmosphere.
3. Summary
In recent years, the problem of environmental pollution has yet to be solved, and has caused a serious impact on human life. Therefore, this problem has developed into a social problem that is widely concerned by human beings. Human beings are committed to environmental monitoring research. Sensor monitoring is one of the main ways to monitor and analyze the atmospheric environment. It can continuously and timely monitor the atmospheric environment. In addition, it has great development potential and various advantages. However, we need to conduct more in-depth research and discussion due to some shortcomings in the application process of this technology.
Nitrogen oxides are one of the atmospheric pollutants and also the main pollutants that cause photochemical reactions. During the combustion of fossil fuels such as ores, NO 2 and NO will inevitably be produced, and these gases will cause serious pollution to the atmospheric environment. The working principle of the sensor for monitoring NO 2 is that nitrogen oxides react on the oxygen electrode. It is worth noting that Nitrobacter is transformed from nitrate, which can effectively increase the respiratory function of Nitrobacter, and reduce the oxygen concentration during the oxygen electrode reaction to compete for NO2. Because Nitrobacter is mainly formed through the conversion of nitrate, its selectivity and anti-interference are relatively good, and at the same time through the linear relationship between the oxygen consumption of Nitrobacter and the peroxygen electrode, the accuracy of the concentration of nitrite is calculated.
2.2 Sensors for monitoring SO2
Sulfur dioxide in nature will increase the possibility of acid rain and acid fog to a certain extent, and will also cause serious pollution to the atmospheric environment. To reasonably monitor sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere, relevant researchers placed liver microsomes containing a certain amount of sulfite oxidase components in cellulose acetate membranes to form subcellular lipid substances, which were combined with oxygen electrodes to form Ampere-type biosensor, and can comprehensively analyze the process of sulfur dioxide forming acid rain and acid mist. In the process of oxidizing sulfite, subcellular lipid substances will also consume a certain amount of oxygen, so that the oxygen concentration around the oxygen electrode will decrease, and at the same time, a current effect will be generated, and finally the concentration value of sulfite will be displayed.
2.3 Sensors for monitoring methane
Methane is a clean fuel, but when its concentration in the atmosphere reaches 5% to 14%, it is prone to explosion. Relevant studies have found that oxidizing bacteria that obtain methane from natural substances use methane as their only source of respiration while consuming oxygen. With the help of this reaction, methane-oxidizing bacteria are placed in a cellulose acetate membrane, and methane is monitored in real time through sensors. When the methane is transported to the bacteria pool, the bacteria will absorb the methane, and the process will consume oxygen, which will cause a decrease in the oxygen concentration inside the sensor, further reducing the current, and finally obtaining an effective methane concentration value.
2.4 Sensors for monitoring CO2
The increase in carbon dioxide content will lead to the occurrence of the greenhouse effect in the atmospheric environment to a certain extent. There is interference from various volatile acids and ions for conventional sensors. Relevant researchers use the carbon dioxide sensor of autotrophic microorganisms and oxygen electrodes, which has a linear relationship when the carbon dioxide concentration is 3% to 12%, has good sensitivity, and can perform automatic and continuous real-time monitoring. Chinese researchers have invented a fiber optic chemical sensor that monitors carbon dioxide with the help of an indicator. The sensor has the advantages of low energy consumption and small size, and is suitable for long-term automatic monitoring on site.
2.5 Sensors for monitoring other gases
Formaldehyde is a toxic substance that poses an important hazard to human health, and it is long-term, hidden and latent. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of foreign research, Chinese researchers have carried out related research on formaldehyde sensors. It mainly focuses on the discussion of the relevant characteristics of formaldehyde photochemical, electrochemical, metal oxide, surface acoustic wave and other sensors. For example, immobilize luminescent bacteria in polyvinyl alcohol gel and combine them with signal converters, which can convert light signals into electrical signals, and then receive them through remote sensors to monitor the toxicity and concentration of the substances to be tested. In addition, some researchers use Escherichia as a substrate, immobilize it with agar, and combine it with a sensor to form a biosensor. With the help of continuous monitoring of the atmospheric environment, real-time monitoring of changes in the concentration of toluene, benzene and other toxic substances is performed in the atmosphere.
3. Summary
In recent years, the problem of environmental pollution has yet to be solved, and has caused a serious impact on human life. Therefore, this problem has developed into a social problem that is widely concerned by human beings. Human beings are committed to environmental monitoring research. Sensor monitoring is one of the main ways to monitor and analyze the atmospheric environment. It can continuously and timely monitor the atmospheric environment. In addition, it has great development potential and various advantages. However, we need to conduct more in-depth research and discussion due to some shortcomings in the application process of this technology.
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